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ESC HF 25: Liver Stiffness to Assess Central Venous Pressure in HF or Low Ejection Fraction

Published: 20 May 2025

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ESC HF 25 - Outcomes from a study investigating liver stiffness measurement as a non-invasive method to assess central venous pressure showed immediate results at bedside obtained in >4 minutes, with the procedure easily performed by a trained nurse.

Prof Nicolas Girerd (University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, FR) discusses a pilot validation study investigating liver stiffness as a non-invasive tool to assess central venous pressure in patients with heart failure or low ejection fraction. The study was performed in 38 patients across 5 European sites, in patients with heart failure or reduced left ventricular ejection fraction.

Findings suggest that liver stiffness measurement as evaluated by vibration-controlled transient elastography is a promising noninvasive surrogate for central venous pressure in patients with heart failure, with a cut-off of 10kPa accurately differenciating CVP>10mmHg from lower values, correctly classifying 76% of patients.

Interview Questions:

  1. What is the background behind the pilot validation study?
  2. What was the study design and patient population?
  3. What were the key findings, and were there any unexpected results?
  4. What are the take-home messages for practice?
  5. What further research is needed in this area?

Recorded on-site at ESC HF in Belgrade, 2025.

Editors: Jordan Rance, Yazmin Sadik
Videographers: Tom Green, Mike Knight

Support: This is an independent interview produced by Radcliffe CVRM.

Transcript

"Hello, I'm Nicolas Girard. I'm a professor of medicine in Nancy, France in the Clinical Investigation Center. And today I will discuss liver stiffness in heart failure.
So liver stiffness is something that is used by a pathologist, not cardiologist. But ten years ago in Japan, Dr. Tenguchi showed that there is actually a correlation between liver stiffness and CVP and central Inverness pressure. And we wanted to replicate this in another setting.

This is an international European study conducted in two European countries, Poland and Romania in several centers. And the design was extremely simple. Because this is a pilot on 38 patients. We wanted to evaluate how LSM, so liver stiffness, measurements were correlated with central venous pressure measured invasively.
So the main finding is that the correlation is moderate 0.55 which is actually reasonably good in this setting because this is a non invasive evaluation of invasive measurement of CVP. And the global accuracy, taking a 10 kPa, threshold for liver stiffness is 76%. If you increase this further to 13 kPa, the global accuracy is more than 80%. So decently good and looks promising for future studies.

So I believe that liver stiffness is a very promising marker of central venous pressure. That should be investigated more. So many follow ups are weighted. This is the first study but now we need more studies showing first the association with events and second ultimately show whether a management based on this variable is actually improving our patient outcome. Does changing the diuretic dose based on those measurements is appropriate? This may be the case because you can repeat this evaluation daily if you want. It takes three minutes by a trained nurse. So very easy to perform and very easy to implement within a framework of healthcare.”

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